Navigation & Field Mapmaking — offline field reference
Compass bearings, true and magnetic north, field maps and route planning without GPS.
Use a paper map and compass together, check local declination, and label uncertainty. Neither a compass nor a sketch guarantees a safe route.
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Navigation & Field Mapmaking · guide
Compass Navigation: Bearings, Declination & Route Finding
Take and follow a bearing accurately, orient a map, check declination and recover a route without GPS.
Read the reference →Navigation & Field Mapmaking · guide
Field Mapmaking: Sketch Maps, Scale & Terrain
Draw an understandable field map using landmarks, measured distances, scale, north arrows and contour clues.
Read the reference →Safety and verification
Practice before a trip or emergency. Check local laws, the official map legend, current conditions and equipment documentation. Call emergency services if anyone is in immediate danger.